Greek: Septuagint (LXX)
English: John Barach
English: John Barach
Chapter 10
Descendants of Noah
| 1 αὗται δὲ αἱ γενέσεις τῶν υἱῶν Νῶε, Σήμ, Χάμ, Ἰάφεθ, καὶ ἐγενήθησαν αὐτοῖς υἱοὶ μετὰ τὸν κατακλυσμόν. | 1 Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah: Shem, Ham, and Japheth; and sons were born to them after the flood. |
| 2 υἱοὶ Ἰάφεθ· Γαμὲρ καὶ Μαγὼγ καὶ Μαδαὶ1 καὶ Ἰωϋάν καὶ Ἐλισὰ καὶ Θοβέλ καὶ Μοσὸχ καὶ Θίρας.2 3 καὶ υἱοὶ Γαμέρ· Ἀσχανὰζ καὶ Ῥιφὰθ καὶ Θοργαμά. 4 καὶ υἱοὶ Ἰωϋάν· Ἐλισὰ καὶ Θαρσίς,3 Κίτιοι, Ῥόδιοι. 5 ἐκ τούτων ἀφωρίσθησαν νῆσοι τῶν ἐθνῶν ἐν τῇ γῇ αὐτῶν, ἕκαστος κατὰ γλῶσσαν ἐν ταῖς φυλαῖς αὐτῶν καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν αὐτῶν. | 2 The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Elisa, Thobel, Mosoch, and Thiras. 3 And the sons of Gomer: Aschanaz, Riphath, and Thorgama. 4 And the sons of Javan: Elisa, Tharsis, Kitioi, and Rhodioi. 5 From these the islands of the nations were set apart in their lands, each according to language in their tribes and in their nations. |
| 6 υἱοὶ δὲ Χάμ· Χοὺς καὶ Μεσραΐμ, Φοὺδ καὶ Χαναάν. 7 υἱοὶ δὲ Χούς· Σαβὰ καὶ Εὐϊλὰ καὶ Σαβαθὰ καὶ Ῥεγμὰ καὶ Σαβαθακά. υἱοὶ δὲ Ῥεγμά· Σαβὰ καὶ Δαδάν. 8 Χοὺς δὲ ἐγέννησεν τὸν Νεβρώδ, οὗτος ἤρξατο εἶναι γίγας ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς· 9 οὗτος ἦν γίγας κυνηγὸς ἐναντίον κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ· διὰ τοῦτο ἐροῦσιν ὡς Νεβρὼδ γίγας κυνηγὸς ἐναντίον κυρίου. 10 καὶ ἐγένετο ἀρχὴ τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ Βαβυλὼν καὶ Ὀρὲχ καὶ Ἀρχὰδ καὶ Χαλάννη ἐν τῇ γῇ Σενναάρ.4 11 ἐκ τῆς γῆς ἐκείνης ἐξῆλθεν Ἀσσοὺρ καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν τὴν Νινευὴ5 καὶ τὴν Ῥοωβὼθ πόλιν καὶ τὴν Χαλὰχ 12 καὶ τὴν Δασὲμ6 ἀνὰ μέσον Νινευὴ5 καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον Χαλάχ· αὕτη ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη. 13 καὶ Μεσραῒμ ἐγέννησεν τοὺς Λουδιὶμ7 καὶ τοὺς Ἐνεμετιὶμ8 καὶ τοὺς Λαβιὶμ9 καὶ τοὺς Νεφθαλιὶμ10 14 καὶ τοὺς Πατροσωνιὶμ11 καὶ τοὺς Χασλωνιίμ,12 ὅθεν ἐξῆλθεν ἐκεῖθεν Φυλιστιίμ,13 καὶ τοὺς Καφθοριίμ.14 15 Χαναὰν δὲ ἐγέννησεν τὸν Σιδῶνα πρωτότοκον καὶ τὸν Χετταῖον 16 καὶ τὸν Ἰεβουσαῖον καὶ τὸν Ἀμορραῖον καὶ τὸν Γεργεσαῖον 17 καὶ τὸν Εὐαῖον καὶ τὸν Ἁρουκαῖον καὶ τὸν Ἁσενναῖον 18 καὶ τὸν Ἀράδιον καὶ τὸν Σαμαραῖον καὶ τὸν Ἀμαθί. καὶ μετὰ τοῦτο διεσπάρησαν αἱ φυλαὶ τῶν Χαναναίων, 19 καὶ ἐγένοντο τὰ ὅρια τῶν Χαναναίων ἀπὸ Σιδῶνος ἕως ἐλθεῖν εἰς Γέραρα καὶ Γάζα, ἕως ἐλθεῖν Σοδόμων καὶ Γομόρρας, Ἀδαμὰ καὶ Σεβωῒμ, ἕως Λασά.15 20οὗτοι υἱοὶ Χὰμ ἐν ταῖς φυλαῖς αὐτῶν κατὰ γλώσσας αὐτῶν ἐν ταῖς χώραις αὐτῶν καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν αὐτῶν. | 6 And the sons of Ham: Chous, Mesraim, Phoud, and Canaan. 7 And the sons of Chous: Saba, Evila, Sabatha, Rhegma, and Sabathaka. And the sons of Rhegma: Saba and Dadan. 8 And Chous fathered Nebrod; he began to be a giant upon the earth. 9 He was a giant hunter before the Lord God; therefore they say, "As Nebrod, the giant hunter before the Lord." 10 And the beginning of his kingdom was Babylon, Orech, Archad, and Chalanne in the land of Sennaar. 11 From that land Asshur went out and built Nineveh, the city Rohoboth, and Chalach, 12 and Dasem between Nineveh and Chalach; this is the great city. 13 And Mesraim fathered the Loudiim, the Enemetiim, the Labiim, the Nephthaliim, 14 the Patrosoniim, and the Chasloniim, from whence came the Phylistiim and the Caphthoriim. 15 And Canaan fathered Sidon his firstborn, and the Chettite, 16 the Jebusite, the Amorite, the Gergesite, 17 the Evaite, the Aroukite, the Asennite, 18 the Aradian, the Samarian, and the Amathite. And after this the tribes of the Canaanites were scattered. 19 And the borders of the Canaanites were from Sidon toward Gerara and Gaza, as far as Sodom and Gomorrah, Adama and Seboim, as far as Lasa. 20 These are the sons of Ham in their tribes according to their languages in their countries and in their nations. |
| 21 καὶ τῷ Σὴμ ἐγενήθη καὶ αὐτῷ, πατρὶ πάντων τῶν υἱῶν Ἕβερ, ἀδελφῷ Ἰάφεθ τοῦ μείζονος. 22 υἱοὶ Σήμ· Αἰλὰμ16 καὶ καὶ Ἀρφαξὰδ καὶ Λοὺδ καὶ Ἀρὰμ καὶ Καϊνᾶν. 23 καὶ υἱοὶ Ἀράμ· Ὢς17 καὶ Οὒλ καὶ Γαθὲρ18 καὶ Μοσόχ. 24 καὶ Ἀρφαξὰδ ἐγέννησεν τὸν Καϊνᾶν, καὶ Καϊνᾶν ἐγέννησεν τὸν Σαλά, Σαλὰ δὲ ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἕβερ. 25 καὶ τῷ Ἕβερ ἐγενήθησαν δύο υἱοί· ὄνομα τῷ ἑνὶ Φάλεκ,19 ὅτι ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις αὐτοῦ διεμερίσθη ἡ γῆ, καὶ ὄνομα τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ Ἰεκτάν. 26 Ἰεκτὰν δὲ ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἐλμωδὰδ καὶ τὸν Σαλὲφ20 καὶ Ἀσαρμὼθ21 καὶ Ἰαρὰχ 27 καὶ Ὁδορρὰ καὶ Αἰζὴλ22 καὶ Δεκλὰ 28 [καὶ Εὐὰλ] καὶ Ἀβιμεὴλ23 καὶ Σαβεὺ24 29 καὶ Οὐφὶρ25 καὶ Εὐϊλὰ καὶ Ἰωβάβ. πάντες οὗτοι υἱοὶ Ἰεκτάν. 30 καὶ ἐγένετο ἡ κατοίκησις αὐτῶν ἀπὸ Μασσῆ ἕως ἐλθεῖν εἰς Σωφηρὰ26 ὄρος ἀνατολῶν. 31οὗτοι υἱοὶ Σὴμ ἐν ταῖς φυλαῖς αὐτῶν κατὰ γλώσσας αὐτῶν ἐν ταῖς χώραις αὐτῶν καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν αὐτῶν. 32 αὗται αἱ φυλαὶ υἱῶν Νῶε κατὰ γενέσεις αὐτῶν κατὰ τὰ ἔθνη αὐτῶν· ἀπὸ τούτων διεσπάρησαν νῆσοι τῶν ἐθνῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς μετὰ τὸν κατακλυσμόν. | 21 And to Shem also was born, the father of all the sons of Eber and the brother of Japheth the elder. 22 The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Loud, Aram, and Kainan.[1] 23 And the sons of Aram: Uz, Oul, Gather, and Mosoch. 24 And Arphaxad fathered Kainan, and Kainan fathered Sala, and Sala fathered Eber. 25 And to Eber were born two sons: the name of the one was Phaleg, because in his days the earth was divided; and the name of his brother was Jektan. 26 And Jektan fathered Elmodad, Saleph, Asarmoth, Jarach, 27 Odorra, Aizel, Dekla, 28 Eval, Abimeel, Sabeu, 29 Ouphir, Evila, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Jektan. 30 And their dwelling was from Masse as far as Sophira, the mountain of the east. 31 These are the sons of Shem in their tribes according to their languages in their countries and in their nations. 32 These are the tribes of the sons of Noah according to their generations according to their nations; from these the islands of the nations were scattered upon the earth after the flood. |
"Giant Hunter" (gigas kynēgos) (v. 8-9): The LXX translates the Hebrew gibbor (mighty man) as γίγας (giant). This links Nimrod (Nebrod) to the "giants" of Genesis 6, suggesting he was not just a powerful king but a figure of superhuman stature or Titanic rebellion.
"Rhodians" (Rhodioi) (v. 4): Where the Hebrew MT has Dodanim, the LXX reads Rhodioi (the people of Rhodes). This is a classic example of the LXX "updating" geography for a Greek-speaking audience, or perhaps reflecting a different Hebrew Vorlage where the letters Daleth and Resh were interchanged.
The Second Cainan (v. 22, 24): The LXX includes Καϊνᾶν between Arphaxad and Sala. This name is absent in the Hebrew Masoretic Text but is found in the New Testament genealogy of Jesus (Luke 3:36). Its presence in the LXX significantly alters the biblical chronology by adding another generation (and another 130 years in LXX terms) to the post-flood timeline. This shows that the New Testament writers were using the Septuagint.
"Islands of the Nations" (nēsoi tōn ethnōn) (v. 5, 32): The Hebrew iy can mean islands or coastlands. The LXX consistently renders this as νῆσοι (islands), reflecting the Greek world's perspective of the Mediterranean and Aegean civilizations.
"Division of the Earth" (v. 25): The name Phalek is explained by the verb διεμερίσθη (was divided). Early readers debated whether this meant the physical separation of continents or the linguistic division at Babel (recounted in the next chapter).
"Ethiopia" (Chous / Aithiopias): While v. 6 uses the transliteration Chous, the LXX tradition elsewhere (including Gen 2:13) identifies this region as Ethiopia.
"Rhodians" (Rhodioi) (v. 4): Where the Hebrew MT has Dodanim, the LXX reads Rhodioi (the people of Rhodes). This is a classic example of the LXX "updating" geography for a Greek-speaking audience, or perhaps reflecting a different Hebrew Vorlage where the letters Daleth and Resh were interchanged.
The Second Cainan (v. 22, 24): The LXX includes Καϊνᾶν between Arphaxad and Sala. This name is absent in the Hebrew Masoretic Text but is found in the New Testament genealogy of Jesus (Luke 3:36). Its presence in the LXX significantly alters the biblical chronology by adding another generation (and another 130 years in LXX terms) to the post-flood timeline. This shows that the New Testament writers were using the Septuagint.
"Islands of the Nations" (nēsoi tōn ethnōn) (v. 5, 32): The Hebrew iy can mean islands or coastlands. The LXX consistently renders this as νῆσοι (islands), reflecting the Greek world's perspective of the Mediterranean and Aegean civilizations.
"Division of the Earth" (v. 25): The name Phalek is explained by the verb διεμερίσθη (was divided). Early readers debated whether this meant the physical separation of continents or the linguistic division at Babel (recounted in the next chapter).
"Ethiopia" (Chous / Aithiopias): While v. 6 uses the transliteration Chous, the LXX tradition elsewhere (including Gen 2:13) identifies this region as Ethiopia.